Improvement in preparing paper for the manufacture of floor-coverings, belting



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ENT/omen .n .TosnrH LT. OTT, oFwAsHIN-GTN, YDrsrnrofr'orf COLUMBIA,

"'lMPRovEM'ET'INPR'EPARING' PAPR FRTH MANuFfAcTURE oF FLo'oR-toi/l-:RlNes,Burma,vvv y f pwlNDowsHADEsANDTHE LIKE. .A y l Specificationforming part of Letters Patent No. Sl,199,'datedv August 18, 1868.l v

To allfblzzfomt may concern?. n

Beit known that I, JosEP'Er J Orr, of

ington city, in the countyofWashingt-on, and

in the District of Columbia, have invented new l and usefullmprovements in .M odemof PreparingOhemical Paper for (,larpetinglelting,l

&c. 3' anddo hereby declare 'that the following is a full, clear, and exact4 description thereof, reference being" had to-'the accompanying drawings, and to ,the letters of `reference marked thereon. -Y f The nature of my invention consists 'in the combination of two or more sheets of paper which previously have passed through a chemical process, whereby the paper becomes impervious to liquids, and can be used for carpeting, belting, and a variety of other purposes.

Some time ago it was discovered that if unpreparation of two parts o'f sulphuric acid and one part of water, there was an immediate change in its texture, it becoming stronger and more impervious to liquids.

This action of the preparation upon the padeeper and deeper into'the body of the paper,

does so with increasing difficulty, so that when the paper is quite thick it is almost impossible for the preparation of itself to permeate the whole body during the time in which it is prudent-to leave it in the preparation.

That the action is a superficial one is readily seen upon washing the paper, when it splits, showing that the portions nearest the center are the weakest, and aected by the preparation the least, if at all. Now, this being the case, it is readily seen that' the paper, which owes its increased strength to the action of the preparation, receives th at contributed strength in the greatest proportion at its surface. If we take two sheets of paper of a thickness not too great to be aiiected throughout by the preparation, and, after passing them through it, join their surfaces, the strength of the combined sheets will be just twice the strength of either, and, having four surfaces, in which lies the increased strength, aifected to the full ex- `tent "the preparationfis capablelof, is certainly much stronger than one sheet o f paper, of the same quality, of twice .the thickness of either piece, for the increased strength of thethicker piece, is equal only to that `of oneof thethinner sheets plus'the strength-of its unaffected body-that is, the portions adjacentto l. the

center,

`Another"quality ofthis material is, that if itbe printed or' painted `upon -in any of the common water-colors not affected by this profl portion of acid, on passing it through the prep-4 aration, these colors are set, and to a great extent become water-proof.

Taking advantage of the above facts, it becomes practicable to manufacture and use a variety of articles, such as paper iioor-coverin g or carpeting, paper belting, paper awnings, paper curtains, paperbagging, paper leather for various purposes, trunks, bookbinding, shoe-soles, and a great many others.

Where necessary, as for carpeting, awnings, or where figures, flowers, &c., are desired, the various figures are to be printed on the outer surfaces, and dried before passing through the preparation for the iirst time. The different sheets, or rather the surfaces thereof, are to be fastened together by means of a perforatingroller, perforating at the time the material is passing through the acid the second time.

For this purpose I have constructed a machine; and to enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a sectional side view of said machine 5 Fig. 2, a side view of the perforatingroller; Figs. 3 and 4., plan views of paper after having passed through the machine; and Fig. 5 shows the edge broken open of paper made of four thicknesses.

A represents a table or bed for the machine, of any suitable size, at one end of which are two standards, B. In these standards shafts a et have their bearings, and the rolls of paper, as they come from the mill, are placed on these shafts, from whence the paper passes into the acid-box G through a slot in the top thereof. A roller, D, is placed on top of said box, to guide the paper by passing it over the same vertically down into the box, where it goes between the perforating-roller E and smooth roller F, around the latter, toward the rear of the box, and up between the pressing-rollers G G, out through another slot in top of the said box C.

The perforating-roller E is provided, around its entire outer surface, with a number of teeth, which can be put as close, and in any shape, as may be desired, and it is then placedclose enough to the smooth rollerF to make indentations through all the thicknesses of paper passing between them, which, in conjunction with the chemical preparation through which the paper at the same time passes, makes the sheets of paper stick together, without any kind -of glue being used, as it passes between the pressing-rollers G G. ,o

On top of the 'acid-box C, above the slot where lthe paper, now in one sheet, comes out, is another roller, H, around which the paper passes into a vat or tub, I, for the purpose of being washed and all superfluous acid removed. In this vat or tub the, paper passes around rollers placed inthe most convenient manner.

The machine maybe operated by any means desired, steam, water, or hand power, gearing to suit being attached thereto.

The acid is fed by a running stream of the liquid froma vat containing the preparation, and is continually being pumped back into this vat through tubing immersed in runnin gwater, for the purpose of keeping the preparation at the proper degree of coolness, for should the preparation become heated by means of the chemical action on the paper and colors, it would lose its power to strengthen, and only destroy.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

As an article of manufacture, the combination of two or more sheets of paper, when prepared by passing through a solution of acid, and connected' together by puncturing, with a toothed roller, substantially as herein described, for use as carpeting, belting, and other .n

purposes, as set forth. v

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto, set my hand and seal this 24th day of July, v1868.

JOSEPH J. OTT. [L s.] Witnesses GHAs. L. EvEnT, A. A. YEATMAN. 

